Navigating nature conservation in a conflict zone
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the second largest country in Africa and one of the continent’s most important for nature conservation.
Dense forests and woodlands cover more than half of DRC’s total land area, and it is also extremely rich in natural resources, with large reserves of copper, gold, coltan and other minerals.
Despite its valuable natural resources, DRC is one of the least developed countries in the world; much of the population is living in poverty, with systemic corruption and ongoing conflict hindering economic development. This has put immense pressure on the country’s biodiversity, with unsustainable mineral extraction, poaching, pollution, deforestation and soil erosion all threatening wildlife and habitats.
What wildlife does DRC support?
DRC is considered one of the world’s megadiverse nations, home to thousands of plant and animal species, including many remarkable endemic creatures, such as the okapi, eastern lowland (Grauer’s) gorilla, bonobo and Congo peacock. Over 50% of Africa’s tropical forests lie within DRC’s borders.
Five of DRC’s national parks are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. However, all are listed as In Danger, and therefore urgent conservation action is needed.
Female okapi photographed using a camera trap. © Fauna & Flora
Grauer's gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri) in Democratic Republic of Congo. © Angelique Todd / Fauna & Flora
Fauna & Flora’s work in DRC
Fauna & Flora has a long history of navigating conservation in areas of conflict and has been working in DRC for several decades, ensuring that wildlife conservation remains a priority throughout extended periods of civil unrest and political turbulence.
Since 2007, we have supported the Congolese protected area authority – the Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature – and local communities to manage the country’s astounding biodiversity. Alongside our partners, we have played a key role in protecting spectacular, but threatened, species such as the eastern lowland gorilla, chimpanzee, okapi, bongo and forest elephant.
Fauna & Flora’s priority work in DRC is currently focused on supporting community reserves that are home to eastern lowland gorillas, by building local capacity to manage these reserves effectively.
Our primate protection work also covers the famous mountain gorilla: in 1978, Fauna & Flora helped establish the Mountain Gorilla Project, today known as the International Gorilla Conservation Programme (IGCP). By bringing together governments, communities and international organisations, IGCP has been able to develop strategies to sustainably manage the remaining habitat of the endangered mountain gorilla in DRC, Uganda and Rwanda. Mountain gorilla numbers have increased from just a few hundred to over 1,000 since work began.
Our DRC work also involves a flagship project focused on the conservation of the elusive and endangered okapi. Supported by IUCN Save Our Species and co-funded by the European Union, ‘Supporting the long-term survival of okapi in Eastern DRC through coordinated, and sustainable local conservation approaches’ aims to track the locations of the okapi by deploying locally led teams across the Kanyama, Bitule and Omate community forests.
Group of visitors watching a mountain gorilla family. © Juan Pablo Moreiras / Fauna & Flora